The word Ostomy is originated from the Latin word ostium, which means
surgically created cut / opening in the body for body wastes discharge.
What is Ostomy Reversal Surgery?
This surgery is basically done to provide an alternate way to remove the
waste from a person’s body when the urinary or digestive system malfunctions.
The main cause of this surgery involves familial polyposis, injuries to
the digestive or urinary tract, diseases like Crohns disease, bladder
cancer, and bowel cancer and so on. Birth defects and other inherited
conditions can also be the reasons. In Ostomy reversal surgery, an abdominal
opening is made after bowel surgery.
Types of Ostomy Reversal Surgery
An overview on 4 different types of Ostomy Reversal Surgery is provided
below:
Colostomy: In colostomy an opening is created in the large intestine which
may result in a stoma. Then a part of the colon or rectum is removed.
Further classification includes:
• Temporary Colostomy: Temporary colostomy helps the lower
portion of the colon to heal and may have one or two openings in which
one opening will discharge only mucus.
• Permanent Colostomy: It includes loss of a part of the colon,
mostly the rectum and the end of the part is taken out to abdominal wall
for formation of stoma.
• Sigmoid or Descending Colostomy: In this ostomy reversal
surgery, end of the sigmoid colon is brought to the lower left hand side
of abdomen.
• Loop Colostomy: It is done in the transverse colon which
has a stoma with two openings. First opening discharges stool and second
opening discharges mucus.
• Ascending Colostomy: In this type of surgery, a rare opening
is made in the ascending portion of the colon which is on right hand side
of abdomen.
• Transverse Colostomy: This surgery requires one or two openings
and the openings will be mainly located in the upper, middle or right
side of the abdomen.
Ileostomy: In Ileostomy, an opening is created in the small intestine
mostly at the end of the ileum and then colon is partially or completely
removed. It is further classified as:
• Ileoanal Reservoir (J-Pouch): In this surgery the colon and most
of the parts of rectum are removed surgically and then internal pouch
is created out of the ileum.
• Continent Ileostomy (Kock Pouch): Reservoir pouch is made inside
the abdomen and a valve is made in the pouch which has a catheter or pouch
attached.
Urostomy: In this surgery a part at the end of small bowel is
removed and a passage way is created for urine to divert away from a diseased
bladder.
Continent Urostomy: In Continent Urostomy, a pouch is made within
abdomen by means of small or large bowel portion and then a valve is created
in the pouch. A stoma is then brought through abdominal wall and catheter
is inserted daily for the removal of urine from the reservoir.
